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UK visa resources

How to apply for a UK visa or ETA

The general shape of a UK visa or ETA application, step by step.

Official guidance Regularly updated

Important

This information is for general guidance only. Meeting the requirements does not guarantee your application will be approved.

The steps below are the general shape of a UK visa or Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) application. Your exact requirements depend on your nationality, the route you need and your circumstances, so always confirm against the official gov.uk pages linked on this page.

How to Apply for a United Kingdom Visa

Reasons for UK Visa Applications

The visa application process for the United Kingdom is very dependent on the type of visa being requested, especially if your visa falls under a category of the Points-Based System. Although most of the requirements for each category are identical, the system evaluates them differently.

Additionally, extra requirements differ from category to category of visa.

Firstly, you must select a visa

You may need a visa to study, work, visit, or join relatives in the United Kingdom. Different visas are required depending on:

As an Irish citizen, you are not need to apply for a visa.

If you are a citizen of the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein or if you or a family member moved to the United Kingdom before December 31st 2020 you may be eligible to apply for the free EU Settlement Scheme instead of a Visa.

The application deadline was June 30, 2021 for the majority of applicants.

You may still submit an application if either:

you have a later deadline, such as if youre joining a family member in the UK who was residing there as of 31 December 2020.

you have "reasonable grounds" for being unable to apply by 30 June 2021, such as being ill or a victim of domestic violence.

  • Where you originate from.
  • The reason you wish to visit the United Kingdom.
  • How long you wish to remain.
  • Your individual circumstances and abilities.

If you wish to study in the United Kingdom, you must obtain a visa

The visa you apply for depends on the duration, type, and location of your studies.

  • A Standard Visitor visa allows you to pursue a 6-month-long term of study or less.
  • A short term study visa allows you to pursue an English Language course lasting between 6 and 11 months in the United Kingdom.
  • Typically, a Student visa is for a lengthier course. You must have a confirmed spot and be sponsored by a licenced college or university.
  • A Child Student visa is for students between the ages of 4 and 17 who wish attend an independent school. If you are 16 or older, you are permitted to work on this visa.

If you wish to work in the United Kingdom, you must obtain a visa.

With a work visa, you can work in the United Kingdom for a short or long period of

There are numerous kinds of work visas.

The visa you require is contingent on:

If you wish to join family in the United Kingdom

You can apply for a family visa to join someone who has British citizenship or permanent residency in the UK if you are their spoue, partner, or family member.

They may need to demonstrate that they can financially support you. You may be eligible to apply for indefinite permission to remain (ILR) after a certain period of time in the United Kingdom.

  • your talents and credentials
  • if you have an offer of employment and a sponsor
  • if you wish to go with your family
  • what you will be doing, such as sporting, charity, or religious activities
  • ‘A Startup visa or an Innovator visa can be used to establish a business’.

If your family member is in the UK on a visa.

You may be eligible to apply for a visa to join a family member who is currently in theUnited Kingdom on a visa.

They must either be:

Check the visa requirements to join them.

If your relative is from the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein:

Visas for family reunification for refugees.

If you were compelled to leave your nation without your spouse or kid, they can request to join you in the United Kingdom.

If you have been granted asylum or five years of humanitarian protection and do not have British citizenship, your family members may apply.

  • your husband or partner
  • your parent if youre 18 or under
  • You can apply for a free family permit if a close relative was living in the United Kingdom as of December 31, 2020.
  • A family permit allows you to reside, work, and study in the United Kingdom for up to six months.
  • Members of your immediate family include your spouse or domestic partner, child, grandchild, parent, or grandparent.
  • After your family permit expires, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

Additional ways to obtain authorization to reside in the UK

If you have a British grandmother and meet additional eligibility requirements, you can apply for an Ancestry visa to work in the UK.

If you are a citizen of the Commonwealth and cannot prove your right to be in the United Kingdom, read about the Windrush programme.

If you had indefinite leave to remain (ILR) and left the United Kingdom for more than two years, you will need a Returning Resident visa to return.

Who Can Visit the UK Without a Visa?

You might not need to apply for a visa if you're an EU, EEA, or Swiss national travelling to the UK for a brief business trip. You may continue to visit the UK under the new points-based immigration system in place there. You can typically stay for a maximum of six months.

What To Do If Your UK Visa is Refused

If you have been denied a UK visa application it can be frustrating and upsetting. It always appears unfair, condemning, and feels intimate. Refusals of UK visas are actually common, and the Home Office has no problem issuing them.

After all, the Home Office keeps the visa funds whether an application is accepted or rejected. Additionally, more applications and appeals benefit them more.

Do I Need A UK Visa?

This depends on a number of things such as whether or not you have had a Schengen visa in the past or how many countries you intend to visit. Generally you first Schengen visa will be issued for the duration of your stay. Future applications may be granted for multiple entry for a number of years.

Is it necessary to have a booked flight in order to apply for a UK visa?

Booking a flight for the purpose of applying for a UK visa is not required. The UK authorities allow you to apply even if you do not have one. You should still provide a trip itinerary that includes the dates of your intended entry and leave.

Do I need to attend an appointment?

Yes

Is it necessary for me to register with the police?

If the words Police registration or Register with police within 7 days of admission appear on your passports visa sticker, you will be required to register with the police once you enter the UK with a valid visa. After you arrive in the UK, you have seven days to register with the police. Take note that if you do not register with the police, the validity of your visa may be reduced and you may be required to leave the UK.

Can I Travel Abroad While Having a Valid Visa in the United Kingdom?

Can I Travel Abroad While Having a Valid Visa in the United Kingdom?

Im Visiting Europe

To travel to other European nations, you may need to apply for a Schengen visa from the UK, which permits for up to 90 days of tourism or business travel. Even if you are not a British citizen, you can apply for a visa from the UK. Although the application process is nearly identical for all candidates, you must familiarise yourself with the UK-specific requirements if you are applying from the UK. If you are applying for a Schengen visa from the United Kingdom, you must acquire a Schengen visa health insurance package covering your full stay in Europe.

  • Check what you need — start with the official gov.uk checker to find out whether you need a visa, an ETA, or neither.
  • Apply online on gov.uk — most UK visa and ETA applications are made online through the official gov.uk website. Use only the official service; third-party sites are not the government application.
  • Prepare your documents — prepare the documents the official application asks for. The exact list depends on the route and your situation.
  • Provide biometrics or identity details if required — you may need to give biometrics at an appointment or verify your identity using an app.

Next steps

  1. Check the documents you’ll needView documents
  2. How to applyStart here
  3. Choose your visaFind a visa

Official sources

For the most accurate and up-to-date information, always refer to the official government sources.

Verified against official sources · last reviewed 2026-08-10. Information only — not legal advice.

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